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FishfreshwaterDemanding

Blue neon goby

Males carry an electric blue stripe along a near-black body; females are a plain brown with two dark lines. It grazes algae from stone in fast water and is one of the few aquarium fish that genuinely needs a mature algal film to eat.

Quick profile

Scientific name
Stiphodon atropurpureus
Adult size
4–5 cm (1.6–2 in)
Lifespan
2–4 years
Temperature
22–26 °C (72–79 °F)
pH
6.5–7.8
Hardness
4–15 °dGH
Minimum tank
60 L (16 US gal)
Minimum length
60 cm
Swimming zone
Bottom
Social
Loose group — at least 3
Diet
Algae grazer
Overall confidence
moderate confidence

What keeping this species involves

Peaceful and hardy in the right tank, and the right tank is an unusual one: bright, fast, oxygenated and deliberately allowed to grow algae.

Fast clear stream reaches over algae-covered boulders, close enough to the sea for larvae to reach it.

Identity and names

Common name
Blue neon goby
Scientific name
Stiphodon atropurpureus
Family
Gobiidae
Order
Gobiiformes
Class
Actinopterygii
Also sold as
Stiphodon atropurpureus, blue neon stiphodon, purple stiphodon

Adult size and growth

4–5 cm (1.6–2 in)

Typical lifespan in an aquarium: 2–4 years. Almost every animal sold in a shop is a juvenile, so the tank has to suit the size in the first line rather than the size in the bag.

Water and tank requirements

Grazing surface and current. A mature tank with algae-covered stone is the requirement; volume is secondary.

Why these ranges: Lowland coastal streams that stay warm year-round, unlike the Rhinogobius above. The band comes from that habitat rather than from a shared goby default, and the difference between the two is real.

RequirementValueNotes
Temperature22–26 °C (72–79 °F)Stability matters more than hitting an exact figure.
pH6.5–7.8A stable pH outside the ideal band is usually better than an unstable one inside it.
General hardness4–15 °dGHCheck your supplier's published figure before choosing species.
Minimum volume60 L (16 US gal)A floor, not a recommendation.
Minimum footprint60 cm longGrazing surface and current. A mature tank with algae-covered stone is the requirement; volume is secondary.
Water flowhighMatch the outflow to this rather than to the filter's rating.
Lid requiredRecommendedReduces evaporation and prevents accidents.
StructureSmooth boulders and strong flow, lit brightly enough to grow the film it feeds on. A spotless tank starves it.

Group size and social behaviour

Males display at each other over grazing territory with raised fins. Females are ignored and graze wherever they like.

Structure
Loose group
Minimum group
3

Behaviour

  • Rasps at stone in short bursts, leaving visible clean patches on a filmed surface.
  • Male colour is switchable — a displaying fish is transformed within seconds and fades as quickly.

Feeding

A specialist aufwuchs grazer. Prepared foods supplement it and do not replace the film, which is the usual reason an apparently healthy import slowly wastes.

Diet type
Algae grazer
Staples
Aufwuchs on stone, Soft green algae, Blanched spinach, Algae wafers

Breeding

Strategy
Amphidromous — larvae wash to sea and return as juveniles; not reproduced in aquaria
Difficulty
rarely achieved
Parental care
guarding

Tankmates and compatibility

Assessments are derived from stored traits by the compatibility engine, with the reasoning shown. A verdict is a statement about probability, not a guarantee — individual temperament can override it.

Risk this species poses to common tankmates
TowardsRiskWhat it means
Small fishnoneAnything that fits in the mouth is at risk once this species reaches adult size.
Adult dwarf shrimpnoneCover reduces losses but rarely prevents them where the risk is high.
ShrimpletslowDetermines whether a shrimp colony can grow rather than merely persist.
SnailsnoneApplies to snails you wanted as well as snails you did not.
Long or trailing finsnoneFin damage is an entry point for secondary infection.
Plantsgrazes-algaeTough species such as Anubias and Java fern survive most grazers.

Any pair in the catalogue can be assessed with the compatibility checker.

Welfare considerations

Points where the way this species is commonly sold or kept differs from what it actually needs.

  • Slow starvation in a clean tank is the standard outcome and is rarely recognised, because the fish looks well until it does not.
  • All stock is wild-collected; the larval stage requires the sea, so a group cannot replace itself.

Problems to watch for

Most problems in a tank containing this species are general rather than species-specific. Start with the troubleshooting index and work from the observation rather than from a guess at the cause.

What AquariumHQ does not yet hold

Species-level disease susceptibility is modelled in the graph and is not yet populated. Health pages will not be published until each condition has veterinary sourcing, because health content written without evidence is the most harmful thing this product could publish. The gap is recorded in the coverage report.

Where it comes from

Native range
Short coastal streams of southern China, Taiwan, Japan and the Philippines
Habitat
Fast clear stream reaches over algae-covered boulders, close enough to the sea for larvae to reach it.

What the checklists say

2 distribution statements retrieved from GBIF checklists. Establishment means is reproduced from the source where it states one, and left unstated where it does not — a record of presence is not a record of origin.

StatusPlacesWhat this means
Recorded as present, establishment means not stated2The source records the species as present and does not say whether it is native or introduced. AquariumHQ does not fill that in.

No checklist AquariumHQ holds positively calls this species native anywhere, so the native range above rests on AquariumHQ’s own reading of the literature rather than on a cited checklist.

Evidence

Every stored value with the kind of support behind it and where to check it. Evidence type and confidence are separate axes: an editorial position held confidently and a measurement held tentatively are different things.

ClaimValueEvidence typeConfidenceSource
scientific nameStiphodon atropurpureusObserved / measuredhigh confidenceCatalogue of Life; GBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility
native rangeShort coastal streams of southern China, Taiwan, Japan and the PhilippinesObserved / measuredmoderate confidenceGBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility
adult size4–5 cmAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
lifespan2–4 yearsAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
temperature22–26 °CAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
ph6.5–7.8 pHAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
general hardness4–15 °dGHAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
minimum tank volume≥ 60 LAquariumHQ editorial positionmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
minimum tank length≥ 60 cmAquariumHQ editorial positionmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
minimum group size≥ 3AquariumHQ editorial positionmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis

Last reviewed 2026-08-10. Values labelled as an aquarium-literature consensus are AquariumHQ editorial positions rather than measurements — see how evidence is handled.

Why we say this

What each figure on this page rests on, and how far that is from being independently established.

Every figure on this page has a provenance. Open any claim to see what AquariumHQ holds for it, which sources say what, and what a claim of that kind actually needs. Different claims need different evidence: an accepted scientific name is settled by one authority, while a legal restriction needs a current primary instrument. A single source is often the right answer rather than a thin one.

scientific nameAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableBased on a verified authoritative source.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: accepted scientific name and classification 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. Checked against gbif on 2026-08-13. One authoritative backbone is what this class requires.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

native rangeAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableLimited evidence — treat with caution.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: where the species occurs 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. 2 distribution statements held, and not one of them states an establishment means. Presence without native-or-introduced is not a native-range claim, so this stays below requirement rather than being read as one.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

adult sizeAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: size a well-kept specimen reaches no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

lifespanAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

temperatureAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

phAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

general hardnessAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

minimum tank volumeAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.

What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.

What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.

minimum tank lengthAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.

What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.

What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.

minimum group sizeAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.

What this kind of claim needs: group size no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.