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FishfreshwaterUndemanding

Pygmy corydoras

A 2.5 cm corydoras that behaves differently from the rest of the genus — it shoals in midwater as much as it forages on the bottom, which makes it read more like a tiny tetra with whiskers.

Quick profile

Scientific name
Corydoras pygmaeus
Adult size
2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in)
Lifespan
3–5 years
Temperature
22–26 °C (72–79 °F)
pH
6–7.5
Hardness
2–12 °dGH
Minimum tank
40 L (11 US gal)
Minimum length
45 cm
Swimming zone
All levels
Social
Shoaling — at least 8
Diet
Micropredator
Overall confidence
moderate confidence

What keeping this species involves

Hardy in a mature tank, though too small to compete with larger tankmates.

Slow, shaded tributaries with sand and leaf litter.

Identity and names

Common name
Pygmy corydoras
Scientific name
Corydoras pygmaeus
Family
Callichthyidae
Order
Siluriformes
Class
Actinopterygii
Also sold as
pygmy cory, Gastrodermus pygmaeus

Adult size and growth

2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in)

Typical lifespan in an aquarium: 3–5 years. Almost every animal sold in a shop is a juvenile, so the tank has to suit the size in the first line rather than the size in the bag.

Water and tank requirements

Small and short-ranged, but the group needs to be large and a large group needs floor and midwater space.

RequirementValueNotes
Temperature22–26 °C (72–79 °F)Stability matters more than hitting an exact figure.
pH6–7.5A stable pH outside the ideal band is usually better than an unstable one inside it.
General hardness2–12 °dGHCheck your supplier's published figure before choosing species.
Minimum volume40 L (11 US gal)A floor, not a recommendation.
Minimum footprint45 cm longSmall and short-ranged, but the group needs to be large and a large group needs floor and midwater space.
Water flowmoderateMatch the outflow to this rather than to the filter's rating.
Lid requiredRecommendedReduces evaporation and prevents accidents.
StructureSand, leaf litter and fine planting.

Group size and social behaviour

Hides constantly in small groups; in a group of ten or more it hovers in open water.

Structure
Shoaling
Minimum group
8
Better group
12 or more

Behaviour

  • Shoals in midwater in a way no other common corydoras does.

Feeding

Diet type
Micropredator
Staples
Small sinking foods, Baby brine shrimp, Frozen cyclops, Micro-worm

Breeding

Strategy
Egg-depositing on plants and glass
Difficulty
straightforward
Parental care
none

Tankmates and compatibility

Assessments are derived from stored traits by the compatibility engine, with the reasoning shown. A verdict is a statement about probability, not a guarantee — individual temperament can override it.

Risk this species poses to common tankmates
TowardsRiskWhat it means
Small fishnoneAnything that fits in the mouth is at risk once this species reaches adult size.
Adult dwarf shrimpnoneCover reduces losses but rarely prevents them where the risk is high.
ShrimpletslowDetermines whether a shrimp colony can grow rather than merely persist.
SnailsnoneApplies to snails you wanted as well as snails you did not.
Long or trailing finsnoneFin damage is an entry point for secondary infection.
PlantsnoneTough species such as Anubias and Java fern survive most grazers.

Any pair in the catalogue can be assessed with the compatibility checker.

Welfare considerations

Points where the way this species is commonly sold or kept differs from what it actually needs.

  • Small enough to be eaten by angelfish and other midsized community fish.

Problems to watch for

Most problems in a tank containing this species are general rather than species-specific. Start with the troubleshooting index and work from the observation rather than from a guess at the cause.

What AquariumHQ does not yet hold

Species-level disease susceptibility is modelled in the graph and is not yet populated. Health pages will not be published until each condition has veterinary sourcing, because health content written without evidence is the most harmful thing this product could publish. The gap is recorded in the coverage report.

Where it comes from

Native range
Madeira basin, Brazil
Habitat
Slow, shaded tributaries with sand and leaf litter.

What the checklists say

3 distribution statements retrieved from GBIF checklists. Establishment means is reproduced from the source where it states one, and left unstated where it does not — a record of presence is not a record of origin.

StatusPlacesWhat this means
Native1A checklist states the species occurs here naturally.
Recorded as present, establishment means not stated2The source records the species as present and does not say whether it is native or introduced. AquariumHQ does not fill that in.

Evidence

Every stored value with the kind of support behind it and where to check it. Evidence type and confidence are separate axes: an editorial position held confidently and a measurement held tentatively are different things.

ClaimValueEvidence typeConfidenceSource
scientific nameCorydoras pygmaeusObserved / measuredhigh confidenceCatalogue of Life; GBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility
native rangeMadeira basin, BrazilObserved / measuredmoderate confidenceGBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility
adult size2–3 cmAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
lifespan3–5 yearsAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
temperature22–26 °CAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
ph6–7.5 pHAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
general hardness2–12 °dGHAquarium-literature consensusmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
minimum tank volume≥ 40 LAquariumHQ editorial positionmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
minimum tank length≥ 45 cmAquariumHQ editorial positionmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis
minimum group size≥ 8AquariumHQ editorial positionmoderate confidenceAquariumHQ husbandry synthesis

Last reviewed 2026-08-10. Values labelled as an aquarium-literature consensus are AquariumHQ editorial positions rather than measurements — see how evidence is handled.

Why we say this

What each figure on this page rests on, and how far that is from being independently established.

Every figure on this page has a provenance. Open any claim to see what AquariumHQ holds for it, which sources say what, and what a claim of that kind actually needs. Different claims need different evidence: an accepted scientific name is settled by one authority, while a legal restriction needs a current primary instrument. A single source is often the right answer rather than a thin one.

scientific nameAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableBased on a verified authoritative source.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: accepted scientific name and classification 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. Checked against fishbase on 2026-08-11. One authoritative backbone is what this class requires, and the source files it under "Gastrodermus pygmaeus" — both names are searchable.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

native rangeAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableBased on a verified authoritative source.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: where the species occurs 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. 3 distribution statements held from GBIF checklists — native in 1 country. Establishment means is reproduced from the source, never inferred from occurrence.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

adult sizeOne sourceBased on a verified authoritative source.1 citation, 1 independent origin

A single source: fishbase.

  • 2.1 cm FishBase · Maximum recorded · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11

What this kind of claim needs: size a well-kept specimen reaches no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. One authoritative source, which is what this kind of claim requires. Independent replication would be welcome and is not the standard.

What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.

lifespanAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.

temperatureOne sourceAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.1 citation, 1 independent origin

A single source: fishbase.

  • 22–26 °C FishBase · Tolerated range · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. Derived from the observed range rather than copied from it. The advised band matches the observed envelope exactly, so no narrowing was applied and none is claimed. It is recorded as AquariumHQ's working position rather than as a derivation — the observation supports where this species is found, and nothing in the repository establishes a separate keeping range.

What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.

phOne sourceAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.1 citation, 1 independent origin

A single source: fishbase.

  • 6–8 pH FishBase · Tolerated range · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. Derived from the observed range rather than copied from it. No usable species-specific observation is held for this parameter. The only figure the source publishes is one it repeats across unrelated families, which the lineage detector grades a default rather than a measurement of this fish. The advised band is therefore AquariumHQ's own position from general husbandry practice for this kind of animal, and is presented as that rather than as a sourced range.

What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.

general hardnessOne sourceAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.1 citation, 1 independent origin

A single source: fishbase.

  • 2–25 °dGH FishBase · Tolerated range · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11

What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. Derived from the observed range rather than copied from it. The advised band trims the upper end of the observed range. Hardness at the extremes of a wild record is generally tied to specific geology rather than to the fish's requirement, and captive-bred stock is raised in whatever water the farm has.

What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.

minimum tank volumeAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.

What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.

What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.

minimum tank lengthAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.

What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.

What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.

minimum group sizeAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.

No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.

What this kind of claim needs: group size no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.

What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.