Neon stiphodon goby
A rheophilic algae-grazer with fused pelvic fins forming a sucker, which it uses to hold station on rock in current that would sweep most aquarium fish away. It is amphidromous: larvae are swept to sea and return upstream, so it does not reproduce in aquaria.
Quick profile
- Scientific name
- Stiphodon semoni
- Adult size
- 4–5.5 cm (1.6–2.2 in)
- Lifespan
- 2–4 years
- Temperature
- 22–26 °C (72–79 °F)
- pH
- 6.5–7.8
- Hardness
- 3–15 °dGH
- Minimum tank
- 75 L (20 US gal)
- Minimum length
- 70 cm
- Swimming zone
- Bottom
- Social
- Loose group
- Diet
- Algae grazer
- Overall confidence
- low confidence
What keeping this species involves
Needs high flow, high oxygen, an established algae film and no competition for it. In an ordinary community tank it starves slowly.
Fast, clear, highly oxygenated upper reaches of short island streams, over rock scoured clean of sediment.
Identity and names
- Common name
- Neon stiphodon goby
- Scientific name
- Stiphodon semoni
- Family
- Gobiidae
- Order
- Gobiiformes
- Class
- Actinopterygii
- Also sold as
- blue neon goby, cobalt blue goby, Stiphodon semoni
Name ambiguity
Several Stiphodon species reach the trade under interchangeable names such as 'blue neon goby'. Shop stock is frequently not identified to species, and males of different species differ far more than females do.
Adult size and growth
4–5.5 cm (1.6–2.2 in)
Typical lifespan in an aquarium: 2–4 years. Almost every animal sold in a shop is a juvenile, so the tank has to suit the size in the first line rather than the size in the bag.
Water and tank requirements
Needs a genuine current along a run of rock; the tank has to be long enough for flow to develop rather than merely be turbulent.
| Requirement | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | 22–26 °C (72–79 °F) | Stability matters more than hitting an exact figure. |
| pH | 6.5–7.8 | A stable pH outside the ideal band is usually better than an unstable one inside it. |
| General hardness | 3–15 °dGH | Check your supplier's published figure before choosing species. |
| Minimum volume | 75 L (20 US gal) | A floor, not a recommendation. |
| Minimum footprint | 70 cm long | Needs a genuine current along a run of rock; the tank has to be long enough for flow to develop rather than merely be turbulent. |
| Water flow | high | Match the outflow to this rather than to the filter's rating. |
| Lid required | Recommended | Reduces evaporation and prevents accidents. |
| Structure | Smooth rock and cobble under strong laminar flow, well lit so that green algae films establish. Biofilm on rock is the food supply. |
Behaviour
- Clings to rock with the fused pelvic sucker and grazes in short darts.
- Males display broadside with fins spread over a grazing patch.
Telling males from females
Males are blue-green with dark bars and display strongly; females are brown with two dark lateral stripes and are difficult to identify to species.
Feeding
Grazes films from hard surfaces. A new, clean tank has nothing for it to eat, and starvation in the first months is the usual cause of loss.
- Diet type
- Algae grazer
- Staples
- Aufwuchs and green algae films on rock, Blanched vegetables, Algae wafers
Breeding
- Strategy
- Amphidromous — larvae require sea water and do not survive in fresh
- Difficulty
- rarely achieved
- Parental care
- none
Eggs are laid and hatch, but the larvae need a marine phase. Stock is wild-caught.
Tankmates and compatibility
Assessments are derived from stored traits by the compatibility engine, with the reasoning shown. A verdict is a statement about probability, not a guarantee — individual temperament can override it.
| Towards | Risk | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Small fish | none | Anything that fits in the mouth is at risk once this species reaches adult size. |
| Adult dwarf shrimp | none | Cover reduces losses but rarely prevents them where the risk is high. |
| Shrimplets | low | Determines whether a shrimp colony can grow rather than merely persist. |
| Snails | none | Applies to snails you wanted as well as snails you did not. |
| Long or trailing fins | none | Fin damage is an entry point for secondary infection. |
| Plants | grazes-algae | Tough species such as Anubias and Java fern survive most grazers. |
Any pair in the catalogue can be assessed with the compatibility checker.
Welfare considerations
Points where the way this species is commonly sold or kept differs from what it actually needs.
- Placed in a newly set-up tank it has no food. A mature, algae-covered hardscape has to be there before the fish is.
- Wild-caught and not bred in captivity, so every specimen is taken from a small island stream population.
- Outcompeted for algae by otocinclus and plecos, which is easy to miss because it does not compete visibly.
Problems to watch for
Most problems in a tank containing this species are general rather than species-specific. Start with the troubleshooting index and work from the observation rather than from a guess at the cause.
What AquariumHQ does not yet hold
Species-level disease susceptibility is modelled in the graph and is not yet populated. Health pages will not be published until each condition has veterinary sourcing, because health content written without evidence is the most harmful thing this product could publish. The gap is recorded in the coverage report.
Where it comes from
- Native range
- Island streams of the western Pacific and Indonesia
- Habitat
- Fast, clear, highly oxygenated upper reaches of short island streams, over rock scoured clean of sediment.
What the checklists say
4 distribution statements retrieved from GBIF checklists. Establishment means is reproduced from the source where it states one, and left unstated where it does not — a record of presence is not a record of origin.
| Status | Places | What this means |
|---|---|---|
| Recorded as present, establishment means not stated | 4 | The source records the species as present and does not say whether it is native or introduced. AquariumHQ does not fill that in. |
No checklist AquariumHQ holds positively calls this species native anywhere, so the native range above rests on AquariumHQ’s own reading of the literature rather than on a cited checklist.
Evidence
Every stored value with the kind of support behind it and where to check it. Evidence type and confidence are separate axes: an editorial position held confidently and a measurement held tentatively are different things.
| Claim | Value | Evidence type | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| scientific name | Stiphodon semoni | Observed / measured | high confidence | Catalogue of Life; GBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility |
| native range | Island streams of the western Pacific and Indonesia | Observed / measured | moderate confidence | GBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility |
| adult size | 4–5.5 cm | Aquarium-literature consensus | low confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| lifespan | 2–4 years | Aquarium-literature consensus | low confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| temperature | 22–26 °C | Aquarium-literature consensus | low confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| ph | 6.5–7.8 pH | Aquarium-literature consensus | low confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| general hardness | 3–15 °dGH | Aquarium-literature consensus | low confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| minimum tank volume | ≥ 75 L | AquariumHQ editorial position | moderate confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| minimum tank length | ≥ 70 cm | AquariumHQ editorial position | moderate confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
Last reviewed 2026-08-10. Values labelled as an aquarium-literature consensus are AquariumHQ editorial positions rather than measurements — see how evidence is handled.
Why we say this
What each figure on this page rests on, and how far that is from being independently established.
Every figure on this page has a provenance. Open any claim to see what AquariumHQ holds for it, which sources say what, and what a claim of that kind actually needs. Different claims need different evidence: an accepted scientific name is settled by one authority, while a legal restriction needs a current primary instrument. A single source is often the right answer rather than a thin one.
scientific nameAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableBased on a verified authoritative source.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: accepted scientific name and classification — 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. Checked against gbif on 2026-08-12. One authoritative backbone is what this class requires.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
native rangeAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableLimited evidence — treat with caution.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: where the species occurs — 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. 4 distribution statements held, and not one of them states an establishment means. Presence without native-or-introduced is not a native-range claim, so this stays below requirement rather than being read as one.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
adult sizeAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: size a well-kept specimen reaches — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
lifespanAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
temperatureAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
phAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
general hardnessAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
minimum tank volumeAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.
What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.
What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.
minimum tank lengthAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.
What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.
What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.
Group size and social behaviour
Males hold small grazing patches and display at each other. Females are indifferent to one another.