White Cloud Mountain minnow
A genuinely temperate fish that is routinely sold as tropical. In an unheated room-temperature tank it lives for years; kept at 26 °C it is short-lived and washed out.
Quick profile
- Scientific name
- Tanichthys albonubes
- Adult size
- 3.5–4 cm (1.4–1.6 in)
- Lifespan
- 3–7 years
- Temperature
- 14–22 °C (57–72 °F)
- pH
- 6–8
- Hardness
- 2–20 °dGH
- Minimum tank
- 60 L (16 US gal)
- Minimum length
- 60 cm
- Swimming zone
- Midwater
- Social
- Shoaling — at least 8
- Diet
- Omnivore
- Overall confidence
- high confidence
What keeping this species involves
Extremely hardy across a wide temperature range, provided that range is on the cool side.
Cool, clear, fast hill streams.
Identity and names
- Common name
- White Cloud Mountain minnow
- Scientific name
- Tanichthys albonubes
- Family
- Danionidae
- Order
- Cypriniformes
- Class
- Actinopterygii
- Also sold as
- white cloud, poor man's neon
Adult size and growth
3.5–4 cm (1.4–1.6 in)
Typical lifespan in an aquarium: 3–7 years. Almost every animal sold in a shop is a juvenile, so the tank has to suit the size in the first line rather than the size in the bag.
Water and tank requirements
Active swimmer that uses the full length of the tank.
| Requirement | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | 14–22 °C (57–72 °F) | Stability matters more than hitting an exact figure. |
| pH | 6–8 | A stable pH outside the ideal band is usually better than an unstable one inside it. |
| General hardness | 2–20 °dGH | Check your supplier's published figure before choosing species. |
| Minimum volume | 60 L (16 US gal) | A floor, not a recommendation. |
| Minimum footprint | 60 cm long | Active swimmer that uses the full length of the tank. |
| Water flow | moderate | Match the outflow to this rather than to the filter's rating. |
| Lid required | Recommended | Reduces evaporation and prevents accidents. |
Behaviour
- Tolerates and prefers cool water; will not thrive at tropical community temperatures.
Telling males from females
Males are slimmer with brighter red fin edges and display more.
Feeding
- Diet type
- Omnivore
- Staples
- Small dry foods, Frozen daphnia, Baby brine shrimp
Breeding
- Strategy
- Continuous egg-scattering among fine plants
- Difficulty
- incidental
- Parental care
- none
Adults largely ignore eggs and fry, so a planted tank produces young without intervention.
Tankmates and compatibility
Assessments are derived from stored traits by the compatibility engine, with the reasoning shown. A verdict is a statement about probability, not a guarantee — individual temperament can override it.
| Towards | Risk | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Small fish | none | Anything that fits in the mouth is at risk once this species reaches adult size. |
| Adult dwarf shrimp | none | Cover reduces losses but rarely prevents them where the risk is high. |
| Shrimplets | moderate | Determines whether a shrimp colony can grow rather than merely persist. |
| Snails | none | Applies to snails you wanted as well as snails you did not. |
| Long or trailing fins | none | Fin damage is an entry point for secondary infection. |
| Plants | none | Tough species such as Anubias and Java fern survive most grazers. |
Assessed pairings
Any pair in the catalogue can be assessed with the compatibility checker.
Welfare considerations
Points where the way this species is commonly sold or kept differs from what it actually needs.
- Sold with a heater in almost every shop, and needs one only in a cold room.
- Near-extinct in its original type locality; trade stock is captive-bred.
Problems to watch for
Most problems in a tank containing this species are general rather than species-specific. Start with the troubleshooting index and work from the observation rather than from a guess at the cause.
What AquariumHQ does not yet hold
Species-level disease susceptibility is modelled in the graph and is not yet populated. Health pages will not be published until each condition has veterinary sourcing, because health content written without evidence is the most harmful thing this product could publish. The gap is recorded in the coverage report.
Where it comes from
- Native range
- Guangdong and Guangxi, southern China; a population in northern Vietnam
- Habitat
- Cool, clear, fast hill streams.
What the checklists say
12 distribution statements retrieved from GBIF checklists. Establishment means is reproduced from the source where it states one, and left unstated where it does not — a record of presence is not a record of origin.
| Status | Places | What this means |
|---|---|---|
| Introduced | 8 | A checklist states the species arrived here with human help. That is not a statement that it is established, harmful or illegal. |
| Recorded as present, establishment means not stated | 4 | The source records the species as present and does not say whether it is native or introduced. AquariumHQ does not fill that in. |
No checklist AquariumHQ holds positively calls this species native anywhere, so the native range above rests on AquariumHQ’s own reading of the literature rather than on a cited checklist.
Evidence
Every stored value with the kind of support behind it and where to check it. Evidence type and confidence are separate axes: an editorial position held confidently and a measurement held tentatively are different things.
| Claim | Value | Evidence type | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| scientific name | Tanichthys albonubes | Observed / measured | high confidence | Catalogue of Life; GBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility |
| native range | Guangdong and Guangxi, southern China; a population in northern Vietnam | Observed / measured | moderate confidence | GBIF — Global Biodiversity Information Facility |
| adult size | 3.5–4 cm | Aquarium-literature consensus | high confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| lifespan | 3–7 years | Aquarium-literature consensus | high confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| temperature | 14–22 °C | Aquarium-literature consensus | high confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| ph | 6–8 pH | Aquarium-literature consensus | high confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| general hardness | 2–20 °dGH | Aquarium-literature consensus | high confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| minimum tank volume | ≥ 60 L | AquariumHQ editorial position | moderate confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| minimum tank length | ≥ 60 cm | AquariumHQ editorial position | moderate confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
| minimum group size | ≥ 8 | AquariumHQ editorial position | high confidence | AquariumHQ husbandry synthesis |
Last reviewed 2026-08-10. Values labelled as an aquarium-literature consensus are AquariumHQ editorial positions rather than measurements — see how evidence is handled.
Why we say this
What each figure on this page rests on, and how far that is from being independently established.
Every figure on this page has a provenance. Open any claim to see what AquariumHQ holds for it, which sources say what, and what a claim of that kind actually needs. Different claims need different evidence: an accepted scientific name is settled by one authority, while a legal restriction needs a current primary instrument. A single source is often the right answer rather than a thin one.
scientific nameAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableBased on a verified authoritative source.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: accepted scientific name and classification — 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. Checked against fishbase on 2026-08-11. One authoritative backbone is what this class requires.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
native rangeAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableBased on a verified authoritative source.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: where the species occurs — 1 authoritative source in an appropriate context. 12 distribution statements held from GBIF checklists — introduced in 7 country. Establishment means is reproduced from the source, never inferred from occurrence.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
adult sizeOne sourceBased on a verified authoritative source.1 citation, 1 independent origin
A single source: fishbase.
- 4 cm — FishBase · Maximum recorded · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11
What this kind of claim needs: size a well-kept specimen reaches — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. One authoritative source, which is what this kind of claim requires. Independent replication would be welcome and is not the standard.
What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.
lifespanAquariumHQ's own position, externally checkableAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
AquariumHQ's own position on a claim an external source could support.
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.
What would improve this: Go and read a source. This is reachable and has not been reached.
temperatureOne sourceAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.1 citation, 1 independent origin
A single source: fishbase.
- 18–22 °C — FishBase · Tolerated range · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. Derived from the observed range rather than copied from it. AquariumHQ advises down to 14 °C; FishBase records 18–22 °C. Reaching BELOW a recorded envelope is a different kind of claim from reaching above it, and a much safer one: it does not raise metabolic demand or lower dissolved oxygen. This species comes from montane streams in southern China that are seasonally cold, it is the standard recommendation for an unheated indoor tank, and keeping it cool is the position that protects it from the heated community tank it is usually sold into. The recorded range is a set of collection records, not a lower physiological limit.
What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.
phOne sourceAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.1 citation, 1 independent origin
A single source: fishbase.
- 6–8 pH — FishBase · Tolerated range · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. Derived from the observed range rather than copied from it. No usable species-specific observation is held for this parameter. The only figure the source publishes is one it repeats across unrelated families, which the lineage detector grades a default rather than a measurement of this fish. The advised band is therefore AquariumHQ's own position from general husbandry practice for this kind of animal, and is presented as that rather than as a sourced range.
What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.
general hardnessOne sourceAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.1 citation, 1 independent origin
A single source: fishbase.
- 5–19 °dGH — FishBase · Tolerated range · The range the species is recorded from · checked 2026-08-11
What this kind of claim needs: what aquariumhq advises for keeping — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. Derived from the observed range rather than copied from it. No usable species-specific observation is held for this parameter. The only figure the source publishes is one it repeats across unrelated families, which the lineage detector grades a default rather than a measurement of this fish. The advised band is therefore AquariumHQ's own position from general husbandry practice for this kind of animal, and is presented as that rather than as a sourced range.
What would improve this: Corroborate against a second, independent source.
minimum tank volumeAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.
What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.
What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.
minimum tank lengthAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.
What this kind of claim needs: minimum tank size — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No authority publishes this. AquariumHQ derives it, and the derivation is recorded with its inputs and assumptions.
What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.
minimum group sizeAquariumHQ's judgement — no authority publishes thisAquariumHQ's own position, derived from evidenced inputs.
No external authority publishes this. The rationale carries the reasoning.
What this kind of claim needs: group size — no external source is required, provided AquariumHQ shows its reasoning. No external source is required for this class. AquariumHQ's position stands on its stated reasoning.
What would improve this: Keep the rationale current. There is no source to find.
Group size and social behaviour
Males display to each other in a group, which is when the colour appears.